Normal modes of a quasi-one-dimensional multi-chain complex plasma

We studied equally charged particles, suspended in a complex plasma, which move in a plane and interact with a screened Coulomb potential (Yukawa type) and with an additional external confining parabolic potential in one direction, that makes the system quasi-one-dimensional (Q1D). The normal modes of the system are studied in the presence of dissipation. We also investigated how a perpendicular magnetic field couples the phonon modes with each other. Two different ways of exciting the normal modes are discussed: 1) a uniform excitation of the Q1D lattice, and 2) a local forced excitation of the system in which one particle is driven by e.g. a laser. Our results are in very good agreement with recent experimental findings on a finite single chain system (Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 91}, 255003 (2003)). Predictions are made for the normal modes of multi-chain structures in the presence of damping.Comment: 15 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication on PR

The Quark-Gluon-Plasma Liquid

The quark-gluon plasma close to the critical temperature is a strongly interacting system. Using strongly coupled, classical, non-relativistic plasmas as an analogy, we argue that the quark-gluon plasma is in the liquid phase. This allows to understand experimental observations in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions and to interpret lattice QCD results. It also supports the indications of the presence of a strongly coupled QGP in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures, final version, to bepublished in J. Phys.

Plasma mass density, species mix and fluctuation diagnostics using fast Alfven wave

The authors propose to employ a fast Alfven wave interferometer and reflectometer as a tokamak diagnostic to measure the plasma mass density, D-T species mix profile, and density fluctuations. Utilize the property that the phase velocity of the fast wave propagating across the magnetic field is the Alfven speed with thermal correction, this fast wave interferometer on the DIII-D tokamak was successfully used to obtain the line integrated density. Since the position of the ion-ion hybrid cut-off in tokamaks is uniquely determined by the species mix ratio and the wave frequency, the reflectometer arrangement finds the species mix profile. The inversion method of reflectometry is discussed. The multiple chord interferometer also measures the mass density fluctuation profile

Photon emission by an ultra-relativistic particle channeling in a periodically bent crystal

This paper is devoted to a detailed analysis of the new type of the undulator radiation generated by an ultra-relativistic charged particle channeling along a crystal plane, which is periodically bent by a transverse acoustic wave, as well as to the conditions limiting the observation of this phenomenon. This mechanism makes feasible the generation of electromagnetic radiation, both spontaneous and stimulated, emitted in a wide range of the photon energies, from X- up to gamma-rays

Recent developments on the high power ECH installation at the DIII-D tokamak

The 110 GHz gyrotron installation on the DIII-D tokamak has been upgraded to three tubes in the megawatt class with plans for further upgrades. The latest addition uses a diamond output window. The report describes the installation, plans, and experimental results to date

Polarization Measurements During Electron Cyclotron Heating Experiments in the DIII-D Tokamak

The polarization of the launched electron cyclotron wave has been optimized for coupling to the X-mode by adjusting the inclination of grooved mirrors located in two consecutive mitre bends of the waveguide. The unwanted O-mode component of the launched beam can be positively identified by the difference in the power deposition profiles between X-mode and O-mode. The optimal polarization for X-mode launch is in good agreement with theoretical expectations

The effect of memory on relaxation in a scalar field theory

We derive a kinetic equation with a non-Markovian collision term which includes a memory effect, from Kadanoff-Baym equations in $\phi^4$ theory within the three-loop level for the two-particle irreducible (2PI) effective action. The memory effect is incorporated into the kinetic equation by a generalized Kadanoff-Baym ansatz.Based on the kinetic equations with and without the memory effect, we investigate an influence of this effect on decay of a single particle excitation with zero momentum in 3+1 dimensions and the spatially homogeneous case. Numerical results show that, while the time evolution of the zero mode is completely unaffected by the memory effect due to a separation of scales in the weak coupling regime, this effect leads first to faster relaxation than the case without it and then to slower relaxation as the coupling constant increases.Comment: 12 pages, 6 eps figure

Gyrotron Performance on the 110 GHZ Installation at the DIII-D Tokamak

The 110 GHz gyrotron system on the DIII-D tokamak comprises three different gyrotrons in the 1 MW class. The individual gyrotron characteristics and the operational experience with the system are described

Channeling of Positrons through Periodically Bent Crystals: on Feasibility of Crystalline Undulator and Gamma-Laser

The electromagnetic radiation generated by ultra-relativistic positrons channelling in a crystalline undulator is discussed. The crystalline undulator is a crystal whose planes are bent periodically with the amplitude much larger than the interplanar spacing. Various conditions and criteria to be fulfilled for the crystalline undulator operation are established. Different methods of the crystal bending are described. We present the results of numeric calculations of spectral distributions of the spontaneous radiation emitted in the crystalline undulator and discuss the possibility to create the stimulated emission in such a system in analogy with the free electron laser. A careful literature survey covering the formulation of all essential ideas in this field is given. Our investigation shows that the proposed mechanism provides an efficient source for high energy photons, which is worth to study experimentally.Comment: 52 pages, MikTeX, 14 figure